JEWISH KING JESUS IS COMING AT THE RAPTURE FOR US IN THE CLOUDS-DON'T MISS IT FOR THE WORLD.THE BIBLE TAKEN LITERALLY- WHEN THE PLAIN SENSE MAKES GOOD SENSE-SEEK NO OTHER SENSE-LEST YOU END UP IN NONSENSE.GET SAVED NOW- CALL ON JESUS TODAY.THE ONLY SAVIOR OF THE WHOLE EARTH - NO OTHER.
1 COR 15:23-JESUS THE FIRST FRUITS-CHRISTIANS RAPTURED TO JESUS-FIRST FRUITS OF THE SPIRIT-23 But every man in his own order: Christ the firstfruits; afterward they that are Christ’s at his coming.ROMANS 8:23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body.(THE PRE-TRIB RAPTURE)
POSSIBLE CLONE OR ROBOT
DANIEL 12:4
4
But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the
time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be
increased.
REVELATION 13:13-15
13 And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men,
14
And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those
miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to
them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the
beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live.
15 And he had
power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the
beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the
image of the beast should be killed.
REVELATION 14:9-11
9
And the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice, If any man
worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead,
or in his hand,
10 The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath
of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his
indignation; and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the
presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb:
11
And the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they
have no rest day nor night, who worship the beast and his image, and
whosoever receiveth the mark of his name.
I
WAS JUST LOOKING AT THE HITS ON MY SITE LATELY. TODAY AUG 6,19-3AM-WHEN
EVERY MINUTE IT SEEMS FRANCES BOT IS ALWAYS ON MY SITE. I THEN PUT IT
TOGETHER. FRANCE IS ALL OVER MY SITE BECAUSE OF MY CONSPIRACY THEORY
ABOUT HUMAN TWINS BEING CLONED AS SCHOOL SHOOTERS. THEN I DECIDED TO
LOOK UP ON THE INTERNET OF AI AND CLONING HUMANS FOR WAR PURPOSES BY
FRANCE. I THEN FIND OUT FRANCE HIRES PEOPLE TO PREDICT WHAT AI AND STUFF
WILL BE USED IN FUTURE WARS. SO NOW IT MADE SENSE TO ME. SOMEHOW FRANCE
GOT A HOLD OF MY FAKE CONSPIRACY THEORY OF CLONED TWIN KILLERS. AND
THIS IS THE INFO I FOUND IN A QUICK HOUR SEARCH. I JUST PUT THAT ON MY
SITE THIS AFTER NOON TO. AUG 5,19. UPDATE-AUG 6,19. I WONDER HOW LONG FRANCE HAS BEEN SPYING ON MY SITE AND ME NON-STOP. WITH 278,173 HITS ON MY SITE COMING FROM FRANCE. AND THE IP ADDRESS OF THE PLACE IN FRANCE THATS WATCHING ME EVERY MINUTE OF EVERY DAY IS IN THE LA SEINE RIVER IN FRANCE. THEY MUST HAVE AN RIVER BUNKER WERE THEY SPY ON PEOPLE. AND ALL THE HITS ARE COMING FROM THE SAME IP ADDRESS. SO THE CANADIAN LIBERAL SEWER RAT GOVERNMENT MUSTBE USING FRANCE TO WATCH ME 24 HOURS A DAY. THEY MUST HAVE ME ON A TERRORIST WATCH LIST. I HEARD CANADA CAN NOT SPY ON OTHER CANADIANS. BUT THREW A DIFFERENT ALLY COUNTRY. SUCH AS FRACE. FRANCE SPYS ON ME 24 HOURS A DAY. AND THE SPOOKS KEEP THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT INFORMED OF EVERY THING I DO 24 HOURS A DAY. THIS IS THE SO CALLED LEGAL WAY YOUR OWN COUNTRY CAN SPY ON YOU 24 HOURS A DAY.
HERES THE IP THATS SPYING ON ME FROM THE LA SEINE RIVER IN FRANCE 24 HOURS A DAY IP:195.154.122.252 -France - Aug 6, 2019 12:09:36 PM- France-Location:-Browser:-AhrefsBot-Operating System:-Other
Screen Resolution:800x600 - THIS SPY STUFF IS INTERESTING. SPYING ON A PERSON FROM A BUNKER IN THE LA SEINE RIVER IN FRANCE. WELL THE BIBLE SAYS THE EUROPEAN UNION WILL BE THE WORLD DICTATOR CONTROL FREAKS. UNDER A SINGLE LEADER THAT WILL CONTROL THE WHOLE EARTH AND COME AFTER CHRISTIANS AND OVERCOME THEM. SO THIS SHOULD NOT SURPRISE ME OR ANY CHRISTIANS. WE ALL WILL BE TARGETS OF THE CONTROL FREAK WORLD GOVERNMENT LIBERAL-SOCIALIS-COMMUNISTS. IN THE EUROPEAN UNION.
Canada Spies on Its Own Citizens-By Asad Ismi-Global Research, November 24, 2013
Canadian government spies on Brazil — and its own citizens, Our spies work closely with U.S. National Security Agency, Canada’s spy agency espionage arm of Canadian corporations-In the September issue of the CCPA Monitor, I reported on the U.S. National Security Agency’s (NSA) spying on hundreds of millions of its citizens, as revealed by whistle-blower and former NSA contractor Edward Snowden. Now it appears that the Canadian government, too, is engaged in surreptitiously spying on its citizens, in collaboration with the NSA. Canada has also been caught spying on Brazil. The United States and Canada are clearly close partners in the creation of an insidious global surveillance system that blatantly violates domestic and international human rights with impunity.In October, Snowden exposed the extent of the Canadian government’s spying activities. The Canadian counterpart to the NSA is the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC). The two agencies have had close relations for more than six decades and share intelligence on each other’s citizens. Both spy on their own citizens as well as on each others’ nationals, and pass this information on to each other, thereby circumventing any legal restrictions on domestic surveillance. Such close co-operation is part of the “Five Eyes” program of the U.S., Canada, Australia, Britain and New Zealand, which have shared responsibilities for a massive global surveillance system that includes commercial espionage.CSEC has a staff of more than 2,000, with another 1,000 military personnel assisting it, a yearly budget worth hundreds of millions of dollars, and a new headquarters that cost $1 billion to build. As one observer put it, “CSEC operations are shrouded in almost total secrecy, authorized under ministerial directives that are themselves so secret that their subject matter, let alone their contents, is secret.”
France joins Canada and other nations in intelligence sharing group-David Pugliese, Ottawa Citizen-Updated: February 5, 2018
It’s often referred to as the “Five Eyes.” That group involves the long-time traditional allies – the U.S., Canada, Britain, Australia and New Zealand – who share intelligence information.Now, it is being dubbed as the “Five Eyes plus France.”French defence journalists were told Monday that France has now been brought in to the fold, attending meetings in Washington to share information with the Five Eyes intelligence agencies.“There was a realization that we have intelligence which counts,” French Air Force Col. Cyril told the journalists. His full name was not provided as he is with the French DRM military intelligence agency.DRM – the Directorate of Military Intelligence – has about 2,500 staff.France joined the Five Eyes group about a year ago but the French are just now talking about that development.Pierre Tran, my colleague from Defense News, reports that France has contributed important information that has allowed the U.S., in particular, to gain a better understanding of the situation in Iraq, Iran and Syria. Tran reported that Cyril gave the example of a valley near the Iraq-Syria border where there were elements from Iran, Russia, Syria, Iraq and Arab nations, each with its own agenda. French agents have been able to track and determine which groups are aligned with various organizations.
phys.org-October 8, 2018-Could villains clone themselves to take over the world?-by Hua Lu And Jessica Allison, The Conversation
If
asked about clones, most people think of evil sci-fi characters.
However, in real life, the word "clone" often has broader, far more
positive applications. Just as office workers replicate documents by
using copy machines, scientists like us who study plant disease use the
biological equivalent of a copier to clone genes, cells, and tissues, as
well as entire organisms.DNA cloning-The most common type of cloning
done in the lab is gene replication. Each gene is a segment of DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acids) that is made up of pairs of chemicals called
bases. These base pairs form DNA's iconic double helix. Depending on the
species, the whole genome could have anywhere from few thousands to
billions of base pairs that make up just a few to tens of thousands of
genes. The human genome alone has 3 billion base pairs that make up
about 30,000 genes.Genes code for traits such as eye color and height,
as well as crucial features like the development of the heart and the
five senses. Some genes can even predispose people toward certain
diseases or personalities.In order to unlock the secrets of life hidden
in DNA, scientists are examining how individual genes function. To do
so, they first copy a section of DNA that contains the gene of interest.
Copying, or cloning, is often done via a biochemical reaction called
polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, that mimics natural DNA replication.
Once copied, the gene of interest can also be inserted to a plasmid (a
ring of DNA) which is taken up by the simple bacterium Escherichia coli
(E. coli).When the E. coli replicates, the plasmids are also replicated,
generating exponential copies of the gene. Gene cloning helps
scientists reveal the sequence of DNA in a gene that encodes a trait.
This ultimately enables them to manipulate the trait in an organism by
modifying the gene – for example, changing its expression level and/or
changing its sequence. Through these manipulations, scientists can
figure out what the gene does and how it works. In some cases, such
information can lead to earlier detection and better treatments of
debilitating medical conditions and diseases.Cloning cells, tissues and
organisms-Similarly, scientists can clone whole cells and tissues by
providing the right nutrients and environment. Done carefully, cell
cloning is used to replace dead cells in hospital patients. For
replacement of larger body regions, tissue cloning is vital.Some
organisms can even regrow whole parts of their bodies in response to
organ loss; for example, lizards can regrow their tails and planarians
(a type of flatworm) can replace their own heads. For some plants, in
vitro culture has been routinely used to generate many copies of certain
organs: for example, hairy roots or multiple shoots, without the
presence of the whole plant body.However, the cloning of animal organs
is not so easy for human researchers to accomplish. Organ cloning is not
just simply putting the correct types of cells together to make tissues
and then the tissues together to make an organ. To make a functional
organ, such as a heart that can beat, one needs to go back to the
beginning of heart development and find a heart progenitor cell. Then
this cell is somehow to be tricked to go through the steps for heart
development in the absence of the context of the whole body and
eventually grow to be the heart. How we can achieve this is still a
mystery. Scientists are working hard, but only the future will tell if
we can accomplish human organ cloning at a level that would
revolutionize successful organ transplants and replacements.All of this,
however, pales in comparison to the cloning of a whole multicellular
organism. Cloning an organism produces an exact genetic replica without
requiring sexual reproduction. Plants are undoubtedly the champions in
this respect; some plants can simply regrow from cuttings or grow a
clone from parts of their bodies.But animal cloning has encountered
several obstacles. This process currently involves transferring a
nucleus (DNA) from a donor adult cell to an egg cell that has had its
nucleus (DNA) removed. This chimeric cell is then stimulated to become
embryonic or pluripotent, meaning it can divide and differentiate into
other types of cells and eventually form an embryo. Although this might
appear simple, this is the most challenging step of cloning an
organism.Cloning comes in many forms. A. DNA cloning via PCR and a
plasmid. B. Plant cloning. A spider plant continuously reproduces
asexually, making clones of itself that hang from it searching for soil
to root in. C. Animal cloning. The stages depict the introduction of
diploid nucleus from a mature cell into an enucleated egg cell.Once the
embryo is obtained, the next step is quite straightforward; the embryo
is implanted into a female's womb and the clone will continue to
develop. This implantation step is commonly done in humans as part of
the process of in vitro fertilization. Babies produced through in vitro
fertilization carry one set of DNA from the father (sperm donor) and
another set from the mother (egg donor). However, clones will have the
same chromosomal DNA as the initial adult cell that donates its nucleus
(DNA). Because of the difficulties associated with the cloning process,
few experts in the world have successfully cloned animals. Additionally,
some of the cloned animals exhibit health problems or reduced
lifespans. Despite this, the list of cloned animals continues to grow,
including sheep, cows, oxen, cats, dogs, deer, horses, mules, rabbits
and rats.Supervillain clones-With cloning of whole organisms a reality
(though currently not feasible for widespread use), you may wonder if
one day, an evil villain would be able to make thousands of copies of
him or herself. Would that evil villain then take over the world? The
answer to this question has many layers.Let's consider the individual
clones. Since they are humans, the clones will not simply respond to
commands like robots or be puppet-like extensions of the original
villain. As with identical twins, the clones may share predispositions,
but their personalities will not be the same. Since so much of
personality and behavior is influenced by the environment, the clones
may even grow to oppose the villain! And, while the villain may not
care, there are ethical issues involved with human cloning. Would
society accept the act of cloning? Would clones be given the full rights
of natural-born humans? How would it affect families if they decided to
clone deceased loved ones? Even amid these questions, organismal
cloning has tremendous applications for society. It helps us to save
species around the world from endangerment and extinction, although it
doesn't generate the genetic diversity required to maintain a healthy
population. It is also an important tool to study diseases and to
replicate individual organisms with important or rare characteristics
that could be lost through breeding, such as cows with high milk
production or animals that can make valuable medicinal
compounds.Although both promising and exciting, the road of cloning
entire organisms is filled with ethical pitfalls and scientific
conundrums; perhaps as a society, we are not ready to deal with the evil
villains and their clones just yet.
The French
Army is hiring science fiction writers to imagine future threats-The
‘Red Team’ will come up with ideas that military planners might not
imagine-By Andrew Liptak@AndrewLiptak Jul 24, 2019, 11:17am EDT
The
French military wants to figure out what its armed forces might face in
the future. To help, it’s bringing on a group of people who are
well-versed in imagining the future: science fiction writers. The UK’s
Telegraph reports that France’s Defence Innovation Agency is hiring
between four and five writers to form a “Red Team” that will come up
with “scenarios of disruption,” which is military-speak for
out-of-the-box thinking.France set up the Defence Innovation Agency in
September 2018 as a sort of incubation hub to find existing technologies
and equipment that the military might be able to use. The idea is that
the military might be able to find and adopt technologies faster than
the typical acquisition channels, which is a process that can take
years."Futuristic technology is only useful if you have an idea of how
it might be used"But knowing what technologies or gadgets to use is only
useful if you have an idea of what problems you might face on the
battlefield. That’s apparently where the science fiction writers come
in. But they won’t be coming up with stories about how we might fight
off alien civilizations from other planets. The Telegraph says that they
will “try and anticipate how terrorist groups or hostile states might
use advanced technology against France.”The idea here isn’t that the
group of authors will somehow predict the future. Rather, by using
science fiction as a tool, they’ll come up with ideas that regular
military strategists might not otherwise imagine.Using science fiction
and writers in this way is a practice that’s already in use in several
other countries in a field called Strategic Foresight. The Canadian
military hired science fiction writer Karl Schroeder to write up a short
novel called Crisis in Zefra in 2005. That short book laid out a
scenario that Canadian peacekeepers might face in a near-future
conflict, incorporating how drones, cellphones, and internet access
might play a role in an urban war zone."The US and other countries have a
history of using science fiction writers "The United States has also
utilized the help of science fiction writers: authors Larry Niven and
Jerry Pournelle established the Citizens’ Advisory Council on National
Space Policy during the Reagan administration, while the Pentagon
brought in a handful of science fiction writers and film directors to
think up potential threats in the immediate aftermath of the September
11th attacks. More recently, authors August Cole and Peter W. Singer
authored an influential book called Ghost Fleet: A Novel of the Next
World War, which drew on their work in think tanks to imagine what a
third world war between China, Russia, and the United States might look
like.The French military has recently been working to modernize its
forces. French President Emmanuel Macron announced the creation of a new
space command, while the country’s Cyber Command marched in last year’s
Bastille Day celebrations. This year, Franky Zapata, the French
inventor behind the Flyboard Air, flew over crowds during this year’s
Bastille Day military parade carrying a gun — something that could have
easily come right from the pages of a science fiction novel.
French
army sets up 'red team' of sci-fi writers to imagine future
threats-David Chazan, Paris-19 July 2019 • 4:21pm-the telegraph
The
French army is creating a “Red Team” of science fiction writers to help
military strategists anticipate future threats to national security.A
report by France’s recently established Defence Innovation Agency says
four or five visionaries are being hired to imagine “scenarios of
disruption” that might not occur to military planners.The possible
sequences of events they come up with will remain top secret as they
could be crucial in the fight against “malicious elements”, the report
says.Bruno Tertrais, deputy director of France’s Foundation for
Strategic Research, said the role of the Red Team would be to think more
creatively than the military top brass and challenge “any certainties
that we may have and hypotheses about the future outside the usual
bureaucratic procedures”.They will try to anticipate how terrorist
groups or hostile states might use advanced technology against France.
He added that a similar exercise had been conducted in the United
States, where science fiction writers took part in defence brainstorming
sessions after the September 11 attacks.“The [US] government considered
that it had been the victim of a lack of imagination,” he said.“It is
certainly not the Red Team that will decide France’s military strategy
and still less its defence policy. Its role will be to help the Defence
Innovation Agency think about future technologies and their impact on
strategies.”Mr Tertrais said the writers would be expected to imagine
more innovative scenarios than those explored in the popular Channel 4
series Black Mirror.The initiative comes as France seeks more innovative
approaches to defence.During the Bastille Day military parade in Paris
on July 14, Franky Zapata, an inventor, demonstrated his futuristic
jet-propelled “flyboard”, soaring into the air on the hoverboard-like
device above the assembled dignitaries and crowds of amazed
spectators.After the demonstration, Emmanuel Macron, the French
president, tweeted a video of the breathtaking stunt with the message:
“Proud of our army, modern and innovative”.Mr Zapata, 45, a professional
pilot, former jetskiing champion and military reservist, on Friday
announced plans to cross the Channel on his flyboard, despite warnings
from the authorities that the venture would be highly dangerous.It can
fly for little more than 10 minutes, with a top speed of about 115 miles
per hour, meaning that the 21-mile crossing would be stretching the
limits of its current capabilities.On Bastille Day, France also
showcased a device to combat drones, a rifle-shaped microwave jammer
that blocks the pilot’s control signals, known as the Nerod F5.In
another military application of advanced technology, the French army is
experimenting with robots that could help its forces combat Islamist
groups in Mali, west Africa.Florence Parly, the defence minister, said
the Barakuda, a “mule” robot, could soon be deployed to provide
logistical support and ferry supplies to soldiers on the
battlefield.Other projects include “aircraft capable of interacting with
drones and software capable of instantly analysing thousands of
satellite images,” she said.Ms Parly added that scientists were also
developing artificial intelligence systems to extend military
capabilities.
State of AI: Artificial
Intelligence, the Military and Increasingly Autonomous Weapons-May 9,
2019/by Kirsten Gronlund-future of life institute
As
artificial intelligence works its way into industries like healthcare
and finance, governments around the world are increasingly investing in
another of its applications: autonomous weapons systems. Many are
already developing programs and technologies that they hope will give
them an edge over their adversaries, creating mounting pressure for
others to follow suite.These investments appear to mark the early stages
of an AI arms race. Much like the nuclear arms race of the 20th
century, this type of military escalation poses a threat to all humanity
and is ultimately unwinnable. It incentivizes speed over safety and
ethics in the development of new technologies, and as these technologies
proliferate it offers no long-term advantage to any one
player.Nevertheless, the development of military AI is accelerating.
Below are the current AI arms programs, policies, and positions of seven
key players: the United States, China, Russia, the United Kingdom,
France, Israel, and South Korea. All information is from State of AI:
Artificial intelligence, the military, and increasingly autonomous
weapons, a report by Pax.“PAX calls on states to develop a legally
binding instrument that ensures meaningful human control over weapons
systems, as soon as possible,” says Daan Kayser, the report’s lead
author. “Scientists and tech companies also have a responsibility to
prevent these weapons from becoming reality. We all have a role to play
in stopping the development of Killer Robots.”The United States-UN
Position-In April 2018, the US underlined the need to develop “a shared
understanding of the risk and benefits of this technology before
deciding on a specific policy response. We remain convinced that it is
premature to embark on negotiating any particular legal or political
instrument in 2019.”-AI in the Military-In 2014, the Department of
Defense released its ‘Third Offset Strategy,’ the aim of which, as
described in 2016 by then-Deputy Secretary of Defense “is to exploit all
advances in artificial intelligence and autonomy and insert them into
DoD’s battle networks (…).”The 2016 report ‘Preparing for the Future of
AI’ also refers to the weaponization of AI and notably states: “Given
advances in military technology and AI more broadly, scientists,
strategists, and military experts all agree that the future of LAWS is
difficult to predict and the pace of change is rapid.”In September 2018,
the Pentagon committed to spend USD 2 billion over the next five years
through the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to
“develop [the] next wave of AI technologies.”The Advanced Targeting and
Lethality Automated System (ATLAS) program, a branch of DARPA, “will use
artificial intelligence and machine learning to give ground-combat
vehicles autonomous target capabilities.”Cooperation with the Private
Sector-Establishing collaboration with private companies can be
challenging, as the widely publicized case of Google and Project Maven
has shown: Following protests from Google employees, Google stated that
it would not renew its contract. Nevertheless, other tech companies such
as Clarifai, Amazon and Microsoft still collaborate with the Pentagon
on this project.The Project Maven controversy deepened the gap between
the AI community and the Pentagon. The government has developed two new
initiatives to help bridge this gap.DARPA’s OFFSET program, which has
the aim of “using swarms comprising upwards of 250 unmanned aircraft
systems (UASs) and/or unmanned ground systems (UGSs) to accomplish
diverse missions in complex urban environments,” is being developed in
collaboration with a number of universities and start-ups.DARPA’s Squad X
Experimentation Program, which aims for human fighters to “have a
greater sense of confidence in their autonomous partners, as well as a
better understanding of how the autonomous systems would likely act on
the battlefield,” is being developed in collaboration with Lockheed
Martin Missiles.China-UN Position-China demonstrated the “desire to
negotiate and conclude” a new protocol “to ban the use of fully
autonomous lethal weapons systems.” However, China does not want to ban
the development of these weapons, which has raised questions about its
exact position.-AI in the Military-There have been calls from within the
Chinese government to avoid an AI arms race. The sentiment is echoed in
the private sector, where the chairman of Alibaba has said that new
technology, including machine learning and artificial intelligence,
could lead to a World War III.Despite these concerns, China’s leadership
is continuing to pursue the use of AI for military purposes.Cooperation
with the Private Sector-To advance military innovation, President Xi
Jinping has called for China to follow “the road of military-civil
fusion-style innovation,” such that military innovation is integrated
into China’s national innovation system. This fusion has been elevated
to the level of a national strategy.The People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
relies heavily on tech firms and innovative start-ups. The larger AI
research organizations in China can be found within the private
sector.There are a growing number of collaborations between defense and
academic institutions in China. For instance, Tsinghua University
launched the Military-Civil Fusion National Defense Peak Technologies
Laboratory to create “a platform for the pursuit of dual-use
applications of emerging technologies, particularly artificial
intelligence.”Regarding the application of artificial intelligence to
weapons, China is currently developing “next generation stealth drones,”
including, for instance, Ziyan’s Blowfish A2 model. According to the
company, this model “autonomously performs more complex combat missions,
including fixed-point timing detection, fixed-range reconnaissance, and
targeted precision strikes.”Russia-UN Position-Russia has stated that
the debate around lethal autonomous weapons should not ignore their
potential benefits, adding that “the concerns regarding LAWS can be
addressed through faithful implementation of the existing international
legal norms.” Russia has actively tried to limit the number of days
allotted for such discussions at the UN.-AI in the Military-While Russia
does not have a military-only AI strategy yet, it is clearly working
towards integrating AI more comprehensively.The Foundation for Advanced
Research Projects (the Foundation), which can be seen as the Russian
equivalent of DARPA, opened the National Center for the Development of
Technology and Basic Elements of Robotics in 2015.At a conference on AI
in March 2018, Defense Minister Shoigu pushed for increasing cooperation
between military and civilian scientists in developing AI technology,
which he stated was crucial for countering “possible threats to the
technological and economic security of Russia.”In January 2019, reports
emerged that Russia was developing an autonomous drone, which “will be
able to take off, accomplish its mission, and land without human
interference,” though “weapons use will require human
approval.”Cooperation with the Private Sector-A new city named Era,
devoted entirely to military innovation, is currently under
construction. According to the Kremlin, the “main goal of the research
and development planned for the technopolis is the creation of military
artificial intelligence systems and supporting technologies.”In 2017,
Kalashnikov — Russia’s largest gun manufacturer — announced that it had
developed a fully automated combat module based on neural-network
technologies that enable it to identify targets and make decisions.The
United Kingdom-UN Position-The UK believes that an “autonomous system is
capable of understanding higher level intent and direction.” It
suggested that autonomy “confers significant advantages and has existed
in weapons systems for decades” and that “evolving human/machine
interfaces will allow us to carry out military functions with greater
precision and efficiency,” though it added that “the application of
lethal force must be directed by a human, and that a human will always
be accountable for the decision.” The UK stated that “the current lack
of consensus on key themes counts against any legal prohibition,” and
that it “would not have any practical effect.”-AI in the Military-A 2018
Ministry of Defense report underlines that the MoD is pursuing
modernization “in areas like artificial intelligence, machine-learning,
man-machine teaming, and automation to deliver the disruptive effects we
need in this regard.”The MoD has various programs related to AI and
autonomy, including the Autonomy program. Activities in this program
include algorithm development, artificial intelligence, machine
learning, “developing underpinning technologies to enable next
generation autonomous military-systems,” and optimization of human
autonomy teaming.The Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl),
the MoD’s research arm, launched the AI Lab in 2018.In terms of
weaponry, the best-known example of autonomous technology currently
under development is the top-secret Taranis armed drone, the “most
technically advanced demonstration aircraft ever built in the UK,”
according to the MoD.Cooperation with the Private Sector-The MoD has a
cross-government organization called the Defense and Security
Accelerator (DASA), launched in December 2016. DASA “finds and funds
exploitable innovation to support UK defense and security quickly and
effectively, and support UK property.”In March 2019, DASA awarded a GBP
2.5 million contract to Blue Bear Systems, as part of the Many Drones
Make Light Work project. On this, the director of Blue Bear Systems
said, “The ability to deploy a swarm of low cost autonomous systems
delivers a new paradigm for battlefield operations.”France-UN
Position-France understands the autonomy of LAWS as total, with no form
of human supervision from the moment of activation and no subordination
to a chain of command. France stated that a legally binding instrument
on the issue would not be appropriate, describing it as neither
realistic nor desirable. France did propose a political declaration that
would reaffirm fundamental principles and “would underline the need to
maintain human control over the ultimate decision of the use of lethal
force.”-AI in the Military-France’s national AI strategy is detailed in
the 2018 Villani Report, which states that “the increasing use of AI in
some sensitive areas such as […] in Defense (with the question of
autonomous weapons) raises a real society-wide debate and implies an
analysis of the issue of human responsibility.”This has been echoed by
French Minister for the Armed Forces, Florence Parly, who said that
“giving a machine the choice to fire or the decision over life and death
is out of the question.”On defense and security, the Villani Report
states that the use of AI will be a necessity in the future to ensure
security missions, to maintain power over potential opponents, and to
maintain France’s position relative to its allies.The Villani Report
refers to DARPA as a model, though not with the aim of replicating it.
However, the report states that some of DARPA’s methods “should inspire
us nonetheless. In particular as regards the President’s wish to set up a
European Agency for Disruptive Innovation, enabling funding of emerging
technologies and sciences, including AI.”The Villani Report emphasizes
the creation of a “civil-military complex of technological innovation,
focused on digital technology and more specifically on artificial
intelligence.”Cooperation with the Private Sector-In September 2018, the
Defense Innovation Agency (DIA) was created as part of the Direction
Générale de l’Armement (DGA), France’s arms procurement and technology
agency. According to Parly, the new agency “will bring together all the
actors of the ministry and all the programs that contribute to defense
innovation.”One of the most advanced projects currently underway is the
nEUROn unmanned combat air system, developed by French arms producers
Dassault on behalf of the DGA, which can fly autonomously for over three
hours.Patrice Caine, CEO of Thales, one of France’s largest arms
producers, stated in January 2019 that Thales will never pursue
“autonomous killing machines,” and is working on a charter of ethics
related to AI.Israel-UN Position-In 2018, Israel stated that the
“development of rigid standards or imposing prohibitions to something
that is so speculative at this early stage, would be imprudent and may
yield an uninformed, misguided result.” Israel underlined that “[w]e
should also be aware of the military and humanitarian advantages.”-AI in
the Military-It is expected that Israeli use of AI tools in the
military will increase rapidly in the near future.The main technical
unit of the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) and the engine behind most of
its AI developments is called C4i. Within C4i, there is the the Sigma
branch, whose “purpose is to develop, research, and implement the latest
in artificial intelligence and advanced software research in order to
keep the IDF up to date.”The Israeli military deploys weapons with a
considerable degree of autonomy. One of the most relevant examples is
the Harpy loitering munition, also known as a kamikaze drone: an
unmanned aerial vehicle that can fly around for a significant length of
time to engage ground targets with an explosive warhead.Israel was one
of the first countries to “reveal that it has deployed fully automated
robots: self-driving military vehicles to patrol the border with the
Palestinian-governed Gaza Strip.”Cooperation with the Private
Sector-Public-private partnerships are common in the development of
Israel’s military technology. There is a “close connection between the
Israeli military and the digital sector,” which is said to be one of the
reasons for the country’s AI leadership.Israel Aerospace Industries,
one of Israel’s largest arms companies, has long been been developing
increasingly autonomous weapons, including the above mentioned
Harpy.South Korea-UN Position-In 2015, South Korea stated that “the
discussions on LAWS should not be carried out in a way that can hamper
research and development of robotic technology for civilian use,” but
that it is “wary of fully autonomous weapons systems that remove
meaningful human control from the operation loop, due to the risk of
malfunctioning, potential accountability gap and ethical concerns.” In
2018, it raised concerns about limiting civilian applications as well as
the positive defense uses of autonomous weapons.AI in the Military-In
December 2018, the South Korean Army announced the launch of a research
institute focusing on artificial intelligence, entitled the AI Research
and Development Center. The aim is to capitalize on cutting-edge
technologies for future combat operations and “turn it into the
military’s next-generation combat control tower.”South Korea is
developing new military units, including the Dronebot Jeontudan
(“Warrior”) unit, with the aim of developing and deploying unmanned
platforms that incorporate advanced autonomy and other cutting-edge
capabilities.South Korea is known to have used the armed SGR-A1 sentry
robot, which has operated in the demilitarized zone separating North and
South Korea. The robot has both a supervised mode and an unsupervised
mode. In the unsupervised mode “the SGR-AI identifies and tracks
intruders […], eventually firing at them without any further
intervention by human operators.”Cooperation with the Private
Sector-Public-private cooperation is an integral part of the military
strategy: the plan for the AI Research and Development Center is “to
build a network of collaboration with local universities and research
entities such as the KAIST [Korea Advanced Institute for Science and
Technology] and the Agency for Defense Development.”In September 2018,
South Korea’s Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) launched
a new strategy to develop its national military-industrial base, with
an emphasis on boosting ‘Industry 4.0 technologies’, such as artificial
intelligence, big data analytics and robotics.To learn more about what’s
happening at the UN, check out this article from the Bulletin of the
Atomic Scientists.
